The Vishnu Purana is one of the eighteen Mahapuranas, ancient Indian texts that are part of the broader Puranic literature in Hinduism. As its name suggests, it primarily focuses on Lord Vishnu, the preserver deity of the Hindu trinity (Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer).

Overview of the Vishnu Purana

• Language: Sanskrit

• Attributed to: Sage Parāśara, father of Vyasa

• Composed: Estimates vary, but likely between the 3rd and 10th centuries CE

• Structure: Divided into six books (Amsas)

Main Themes

1. Cosmology and Creation

   • Describes the creation of the universe, cosmology, the nature of time (Yugas), and cycles of creation and destruction.

2. Genealogies of Gods, Sages, and Kings

   • Offers detailed genealogies of the solar and lunar dynasties, including stories of famous kings like Ikshvaku and Harishchandra.

3. Legends and Myths

   • Narratives of Lord Vishnu’s avatars, especially Krishna and Rama.

   • Emphasis on dharma (righteous living) and bhakti (devotion).

4. Moral and Philosophical Teachings

   • Discusses Vishnu as the supreme deity, the nature of the soul, karma, and moksha (liberation).

   • Strong Vaishnavite (devotional) philosophy.

5. Geography and Astronomy

   • Contains mythological geography of Jambudvipa and surrounding continents.

   • Descriptions of planetary movements and cosmic cycles.

6. Rituals and Duties

   • Details about daily duties, rites of passage, social conduct, and festivals.

Notable Elements

• Bhagavata-style devotion: Like the Bhagavata Purana, it promotes intense devotion to Vishnu and his avatars.

• Historical elements: Though mythological, it preserves ancient dynastic lists that historians find useful.

• Influence: Shaped Vaishnavism, especially in medieval India.